§¬§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ ICP Sensor ¡ª §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §Þ§Ö§ä§Ö§à§â§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ë§Ú§Ü §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í §ã §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ 15-§Ý§Ö§ä§ß§Ú§Þ §à§á§í§ä§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §Ó §à§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ú.
§±§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í.
§±§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í.
§±§à§é§Ó§Ñ ¡ª §à§Õ§Ú§ß §Ú§Ù §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó, §à§ä §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§ä §Ó§í§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §Ú §à§ß§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§à§ã§ä§Ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §³§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§é§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í §ä§Ö§ã§ß§à §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à §ã §Ó§í§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ó§à§ã§á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §±§à§Þ§Ú§Þ§à §Ô§Ú§Õ§â§à§á§à§ß§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §á§à§é§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §Ó§à§Õ§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §²§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §á§à§Ô§Ý§à§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §å§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §á§à§é§Ó§Ö, §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ä§Ö§ã§ß§à §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§í §ã §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §á§à§é§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú.
§³§ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ä§à§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú §Ó §á§à§é§Ó§Ö, §ä§à §Ö§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§í §á§à§é§Ó§í §Ü §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú. §ª§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Õ§í §Ó §á§à§é§Ó§Ö §Ú §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â §Ó §Ó§à§Õ§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §³§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§í §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ð§ä §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §Ó§í§ã§å§ê§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ó§Ù§Ó§Ö§ê§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §ä§Ö§ß§Ù§Ú§à§Þ§Ö§ä§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ, §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ö§Û§ä§â§à§ß§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ, §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §â§Ö§ß§ä§Ô§Ö§ß§à§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ù§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§à§ñ§é§Ú§ç §Ó§à§Ý§ß, §à§á§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ, §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §â§Ö§æ§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Þ§Ö§ä§â§Ú§Ú §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú (TDR) §Ú §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û (FDR) §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö. §³§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §ß§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§â§à§ã§ä§í§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §Ó§í§ã§å§ê§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.
§®§Ö§ä§à§Õ §ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú:
§®§Ö§ä§à§Õ §ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú ¡ª §à§é§Ö§ß§î §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ä§ß§í§Û §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í. §£ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú: §Ò§Ö§â§å§ä §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§à§é§Ó§í §ã §á§à§Ý§ñ, §á§à§Þ§Ö§ë§Ñ§ð§ä §Ö§Ô§à §Ó §á§Ö§é§î §á§â§Ú §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§Ö 105 ¡ãC §Ú §Ø§Õ§å§ä, §á§à§Ü§Ñ §à§ß §Ó§í§ã§à§ç§ß§Ö§ä. §³§ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ä §ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ó§Ù§Ó§Ö§ê§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§à §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í. §±§à§ä§Ö§â§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú ¡ª §ï§ä§à §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú §Ó §á§à§é§Ó§Ö. §¶§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§é§Ö§ä§Ñ: §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú §Ó §á§à§é§Ó§Ö = W/M * 100%, §Ô§Õ§Ö M ¡ª §Ó§Ö§ã §á§à§é§Ó§í §Õ§à §ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú, §Ñ W ¡ª §Ó§Ö§ã §á§à§é§Ó§í §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú, §ä§à §Ö§ã§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ú§è§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å M §Ú §Ó§Ö§ã§à§Þ §á§à§é§Ó§í §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú M'.
§®§Ö§ä§à§Õ §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ:
§²§Ö§Ù§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ú§á§ã§Ñ, §ß§Ö§Û§Ý§à§ß§Ñ, §ã§ä§Ö§Ü§Ý§à§Ó§à§Ý§à§Ü§ß§Ñ §Ú §ä. §Õ., §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à §ã §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó §ß§Ú§ç §Ó§à§Õ§í. §¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú §á§â§à§Þ§Ö§Ø§å§ä§à§é§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§à§Þ§Ö§ë§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §á§à§é§Ó§å, §Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§í §Ó §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ç §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ã§Ú§ñ. §£§Ó§Ú§Õ§å §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Þ§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§å§ð §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§ß§í§Þ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú, §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§Ú §Ü§à§Þ§á§à§ß§Ö§ß§ä§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §Õ§Ú§Ñ§á§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§Ö §Ó§ã§Ñ§ã§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä 1 §Õ§à 15 §Ñ§ä§Þ§à§ã§æ§Ö§â.
§ª§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§à§Þ §ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ä§à§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú, §ß§à §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §ß§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ü §Ó §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö §ß§Ú§Ù§Ü§à§Û §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ö §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§Þ §ß§å§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§à§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í. §¥§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §Ü §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§å §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í, ¡ª §ï§ä§à §â§Ö§æ§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Þ§Ö§ä§â§Ú§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú (TDR) §Ú§Ý§Ú §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û (FDR), §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ä§à§é§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §à §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í §Ó §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ö §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú.
§®§Ö§ä§à§Õ TDR:
§¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö TDR ¡ª §â§Ö§æ§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Þ§Ö§ä§â§Ú§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú. §¿§ä§à §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í, §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Ó 1980-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç. §©§Ñ §â§å§Ò§Ö§Ø§à§Þ §ï§ä§à§ä §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§à §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß. §£ §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö §à§ß §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í, §ß§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§ß§Ö§Õ§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §Ó§Ö§Õ§à§Þ§ã§ä§Ó. §±§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ §ã§Ú§Ô§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð TDR ¡ª §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§à§Ô§à §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í. §±§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§Ö §ã§Ú§Ô§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à §ß§Ö§ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§Ú, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §ã§Ú§Ô§ß§Ñ§Ý §Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §ä§à§é§Ü§Ö §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §ã§å§á§Ö§â§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ð §Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ú§Ô§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ú§Ô§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ. §£§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §à§ä§Ü§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ §à§Ò§à§â§å§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ TDR §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 10-20 §ã§Ö§Ü§å§ß§Õ, §é§ä§à §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§â§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ.
§®§Ö§ä§à§Õ TDR §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î§ð, §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§í §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ñ§ä §à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§Ú§á §á§à§é§Ó§í, §á§Ý§à§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§Ñ. §¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ö§ã§ä§î §Ö§ë§Ö §à§Õ§Ú§ß §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Û §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä: TDR §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ñ§ä§î §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§à§é§Ó§í §Ó §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §é§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§í. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö TDR §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §à§Õ§ß§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§í §Ú §ã§à§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó §á§à§é§Ó§Ö, §Ú §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§í §Õ§Ó§å§ç §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ö §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ. §´§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§Ñ §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§Ñ.
§®§Ö§ä§à§Õ FDR:
§¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§Ñ FDR ¡ª §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §Ú §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ù§Ø§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §å TDR. §±§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à, §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§à§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§Ò§à§â§å§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ TDR, §Ù§Ñ§â§å§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü AquaSPY §Ú Sentek, §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú FDR, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ß§Ñ§Û§ä§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§â§à§ã§ä§à§Û §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ú§ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ô§â§å§ß§ä§Ñ, §é§Ö§Þ TDR. FDR §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Õ§Ö§ê§Ö§Ó§Ý§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ TDR, §ß§à §Ú §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ô§â§å§ß§ä§Ñ §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ñ, §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ §Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ñ, §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §à§Õ§ß§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ñ§ç, §Ñ §ã§Ò§à§â §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§ë§Ö.
§®§Ö§ä§à§Õ FDR §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ö §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§Þ§Ñ§Ô§ß§Ú§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§Þ§á§å§Ý§î§ã§Ñ §Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ñ§Ö§ä §Ü§Ñ§Ø§å§ë§å§ð§ã§ñ §Õ§Ú§ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§â§à§ß§Ú§è§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §á§à§é§Ó§í §Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§ä §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§í §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§Þ§Ñ§Ô§ß§Ú§ä§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Ý§ß §Ó §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ö, §é§ä§à §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä§î §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§í §Ó §á§à§é§Ó§Ö.
§®§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ó §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §ß§à §Ú §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §Ú§ß§Ø§Ö§ß§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §ã§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§Ú, §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§Ô§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §Ô§Ú§Õ§â§à§ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§í, §Õ§à§Þ§Ñ §Ú §ä. §Õ., §Ô§Õ§Ö §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Þ§à§Û. §¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í §ä§à§é§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§î §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §á§â§à§ã§å§ê§Ü§Ú. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Ø§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§à§é§Ó§í §Ó §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ö §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú, §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§é§Ó§í. (TDR/FDR).
§³ §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §à§ß §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý §à§é§Ö§ß§î §á§à§á§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§í§Þ, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §Ú §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §á§â§à§Ò§å§ð§ä §Ö§Ô§à §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö.
§¬§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ Hunan Rika Electronic Tech Co., Ltd., §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Û §â§Ö§á§å§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ó §à§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ú, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Þ §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ë§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §ã§Ö§ß§ã§à§â§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô§Ú §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ö §Ú §Ó§ß§Ö§Õ§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§Ö§ß§ã§à§â§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§è §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§Û §á§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§Ú§â§å. §¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú ICP Sensors.
§¬§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ Hunan Rika Electronic Tech Co., Ltd. §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§â§Ú§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Þ §â§í§ß§Ü§Ö §Ú §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó, §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§Ö§ß§ã§à§â§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û.
§¦§ã§Ý§Ú §é§ä§à-§ä§à §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ý§Ú§ê§Ü§à§Þ §ç§à§â§à§ê§Ú§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ò§í§ä§î §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§à§Û, §ä§à §ï§ä§à §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü, §é§ä§à §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §ï§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§Ó§à§ð §ã§ä§à§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î.
§¬§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ Hunan Rika Electronic Tech Co., Ltd. §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §Þ§í §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §å§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Þ §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §á§â§à§Õ§å§Ü§è§Ú§Ú.